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JavaProgrammingExperiment
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JavaProgrammingExperiment
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exp1
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AverageWaitingTime.java
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master
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JavaProgrammingExperiment
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exp1
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AverageWaitingTime.java
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/*
某长途车整点发车一次,正常情况下,汽车在发车40分钟后停靠本站。
由于路上可能出现堵车,假定汽车因此而随机耽搁0-30分钟。
假设某位旅客在每天的10:00-10:30之间一个随机时刻来到本站,那么他平均等待的时间是多少分钟。
请计算出平均等待的分钟数。
*/
package exp1;
import java.util.Random;
public class AverageWaitingTime {
public static void main(String[] args) {
int simulations = 1_000_000_000; // 模拟次数,越大结果越精确
Random rand = new Random();
double totalWait = 0.0;
for (int i = 0; i < simulations; i++) {
// 旅客在 [0, 30) 分钟内随机到达 (10:00 为 0 点)
double passengerArrival = rand.nextDouble() * 30.0;
// 9:00 发车的班次延误 [0, 30) 分钟,到站时刻为 -20 + 延误
double bus9Arrival = -20.0 + rand.nextDouble() * 30.0;
// 10:00 发车的班次到站时刻为 40 + 延误
double bus10Arrival = 40.0 + rand.nextDouble() * 30.0;
double wait;
if (bus9Arrival >= passengerArrival) {
// 赶上了 9:00 发车(晚点)的班次
wait = bus9Arrival - passengerArrival;
} else {
// 只能等 10:00 发车的班次
wait = bus10Arrival - passengerArrival;
}
totalWait += wait;
}
double averageWait = totalWait / simulations;
System.out.printf("模拟 %d 次,平均等待时间: %.4f 分钟%n", simulations, averageWait);
System.out.printf("理论值: 2015/54 ≈ %.4f 分钟%n", 2015.0 / 54.0);
}
}
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