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2719 lines (2719 loc) · 80.8 KB
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voynich_decipherment_rules:
rules:
- All words must be transcribed using the defined glyph set.
- Spaces between words are preserved as in the original manuscript.
- Glyphs are case-insensitive but should be recorded as lowercase for consistency.
- Unknown or ambiguous glyphs are marked with a '?' symbol.
- Repeated glyphs in a word (e.g., 'aa') are allowed and should not be simplified.
- Syntax follows Subject-Verb-Object (SVO) order by default, adjusted for natural
Latin flow.
- Repeated words (e.g., 'qokedy qokedy') translate to 'valde' (very) plus the base
verb for emphasis.
- Prepositions like 'in' indicate containment or location, 'ad' indicates direction
or destination, chosen by visual or logical fit.
- Null glyph 'o' is stripped in prefixes (e.g., 'qokedy' becomes 'kedy'), or translates
to '!' standalone.
- Abbreviations expand contextually (e.g., 'aiin' to 'erat', 'ar' to 'et'), mimicking
medieval shorthand.
- Polysemy shifts meaning by section (e.g., 'qokedy' as 'crescit' in herbal, 'lucet'
in astronomical), with base meaning as fallback.
glyph_mapping:
f: /f/
p: /p/
a: /a/
ch: /k/
o: /o/ or null
l: /l/
y: /j/
k: /k/
t: /t/
e: /e/
d: /d/
q: /kw/
ai: /ai/
n: /n/
s: /s/
sh: /ʃ/ or /a/
g: /g/
m: /m/
i: /i/
c: /k/ or /s/
ee: /eː/
ey: /ei/
cph: /kf/
cth: /kt/
fchey: /fkei/
cphai: /kfai/
fai: /fai/
gchedy: /gkedɪ/
okar: /okar/
qokar: /kwokar/
pchor: /pkor/
vocab:
- word: aiin
description: is, short form
latin: est
- word: ain
description: suffix marker for state/being/past
latin: erat
- word: al
description: wing/extension suffix
latin: ala
- word: ar
description: frequent, suits conjunction; links nouns
latin: et
- word: ataiin
description: near roots
latin: radix
- word: chai
description: other
latin: alius
- word: chal
description: ch- + al, botanical wing/extension
latin: folii ala
- word: char
description: ch- + ar, botanical and
latin: planta et
- word: chckhy
description: ch- + ckhy compound, checking/examining
latin: inspicit
- word: chcthy
description: ch- + cthy (earth), checking/examining earth
latin: terram inspicit
- word: chedy
description: frequent, fits preposition; containment
latin: in
- word: cheod
description: ch- + eod, botanical element variation
latin: pars variat
- word: cheor
description: ch- + eor, botanical change/variation
latin: variat
- word: chey
description: ch- + ey, botanical element
latin: elementum
- word: charod
description: char (plant) + od (varies), plant variation pattern
latin: plantae variatio
- word: chky
description: tall, high
latin: altum
- word: cho
description: action marker base, making/doing
latin: facit
- word: chocthy
description: cho + cthy (earth), earth-related action
latin: in terra facit
- word: chod
description: ch- + od, giving/presenting
latin: praebet
- word: chodaiin
description: chod (presents) + aiin direction
latin: praebet ad
- word: chodar
description: chod (presents) + ar (and), botanical descriptor
latin: praebet et
- word: chody
description: ch- + ody, movement/motion
latin: movetur
- word: chok
description: ch- + ok, size/magnitude
latin: magnitudo
- word: choky
description: large, great
latin: magnus
- word: chokchy
description: cho (makes) + kchy, botanical action, appears in both sections
latin: facit
- word: chokody
description: ch (botanical) + ok (magnitude) + ody (movement), growth action
latin: facit movet
- word: chol
description: ch- + ol, botanical location
latin: pars
- word: cholaiin
description: ch (botanical) + ol (that) + aiin (is), descriptive phrase
latin: ille est
- word: choor
description: ch- + oor, arrangement/order
latin: ordo
- word: chopol
description: ch- + o + pol, pole/support structure
latin: stipes
- word: chor
description: root word appearing in many compounds, botanical context
latin: ramus
- word: choty
description: small
latin: parvus
- word: chtai
description: around
latin: circa
- word: chts
description: seven
latin: septem
- word: chy
description: ch- + y, botanical direction
latin: ad plantam
- word: ckhai
description: shadows
latin: umbra
- word: ckhaiin
description: heating
latin: calefacit
- word: cphai
description: bone
latin: os
- word: cphol
description: jars
latin: vas
- word: cphs
description: nine
latin: novem
- word: cphy
description: pools
latin: piscina
- word: cthai
description: axes
latin: axis
- word: cthar
description: near stars
latin: caelum
- word: cthol
description: ct- + hol, holding/containing structure
latin: continet
- word: cthor
description: sky, heaven
latin: caelum
- word: cthy
description: earth/soil in herbal context
latin: terra
- word: d
description: single letter function word, giving/action marker
latin: dat
- word: da
description: short function word, giving/presentation
latin: dat
- word: daiin
description: high frequency, fits preposition; direction
latin: ad
- word: dain
description: variant of daiin (to), directional
latin: ad
- word: dair
description: for benefit
latin: gratia
- word: dal
description: d- + al, giving wing/extension
latin: dat alam
- word: dala
description: d- prefix + ala, wing/extension
latin: ala
- word: dalo
description: d- prefix + alo, nourishing/feeding
latin: alit
- word: dalor
description: d + al (wing) + or, wing-like structure
latin: ala
- word: dam
description: end, completion
latin: finis
- word: dan
description: preposition, from/of/about (17x frequency)
latin: de
- word: dar
description: short function word, gift/giving
latin: donum
- word: dardy
description: is (variant)
latin: est
- word: darody
description: material/substance
latin: materia
- word: dcho
description: d- prefix + cho, action marker
latin: facit
- word: dchol
description: d- + chol (stem), stem giving/producing
latin: caulem dat
- word: dol
description: short function word, preposition
latin: de
- word: dolody
description: d + ol (that) + ody (movement), directional movement
latin: ille movet
- word: dor
description: d- + or, giving order/arrangement
latin: ordinat
- word: dorody
description: d- + orody compound, botanical process
latin: maturat
- word: dshy
description: here (variant)
latin: hic
- word: dy
description: conjunction, very frequent
latin: et
- word: dyokchy
description: dy (and) + okchy action, connecting action
latin: et extendit
- word: fachys
description: near leaves
latin: folium
- word: fai
description: salt
latin: sal
- word: fchai
description: light (weight), plant context
latin: leve
- word: fchey
description: petals
latin: petala
- word: fchody
description: powder
latin: pulvis
- word: fchol
description: f- prefix + chol (stem), fruit-bearing stem
latin: caulis fructifer
- word: fchor
description: near buds
latin: fructus
- word: fchorai
description: seeds
latin: semen
- word: gaiin
description: healing
latin: gratia
- word: gchedy
description: tincture
latin: tinctura
- word: kaiin
description: has -aiin suffix marker, appears in botanical contexts
latin: erat
- word: kal
description: k- + al, strength/support extension
latin: robur
- word: kar
description: k- + ar, strength and
latin: robur et
- word: kchor
description: compound with chor root, botanical term
latin: ramulus
- word: kchy
description: makes, does
latin: facit
- word: kedy
description: makes, base for qo- verbs
latin: facit
- word: keor
description: botanical variation element
latin: varietas
- word: kokaiin
description: kok (makes) + aiin (is) compound, appears near fruits/seeds (20x
frequency)
latin: maturat
- word: koaiin
description: k + o + aiin (state marker), simple state marker
latin: o est
- word: kol
description: frequent in herbal folios, appears with plant descriptions
latin: cum
- word: kor
description: k- + or, strength order
latin: robur ordo
- word: kotchody
description: k + otchody (movement from source), causative movement
latin: facit ex movetur
- word: ksho
description: much, many
latin: multum
- word: ky
description: very short frequent particle, connector or emphasis
latin: que
- word: kychodalg
description: ky + chod compound with alg suffix, botanical presentation
latin: praebet gratia
- word: kychodalm
description: ky + chod compound with alm suffix, botanical presentation variant
latin: praebet modo
- word: o
description: null glyph or single vowel, filler or exclamation
latin: o
- word: ydain
description: y (to) + dain (to), directional compound, appears 21x
latin: ad
- word: shody
description: sh (here) + ody (movement), location movement, appears 18x
latin: hic movet
- word: qoky
description: qo- (intensifier) + ky (and), intensified connector, appears 17x
latin: valde et
- word: aishy
description: ai + shy (here), botanical location marker
latin: hic locus
- word: are
description: short variant of ar (and), connector
latin: et
- word: ary
description: ar + y (to), connecting direction
latin: et ad
- word: cfhaiin
description: cf- prefix + haiin, botanical compound
latin: facit erat
- word: cfhoaiin
description: cf- + ho + aiin, botanical state compound
latin: facit erat
- word: cfhol
description: cf- + hol (place), botanical location
latin: locus
- word: chear
description: ch- + ear, botanical element
latin: herba pars
- word: chekain
description: ch- + ekain, botanical compound with -ain suffix
latin: herba erat
- word: chetain
description: ch- + etain, botanical state marker
latin: herba tendit
- word: chodain
description: chod (presents) + ain, presenting state
latin: praebet ad
- word: chokain
description: chok (magnitude) + ain, size state
latin: magnitudo erat
- word: chotey
description: cho + tey, botanical action
latin: facit tendit
- word: chtaiin
description: cht- + aiin, botanical state
latin: herba erat
- word: chtor
description: ch- + tor, botanical order/arrangement
latin: herba ordo
- word: ckeor
description: ck- + eor, botanical germination
latin: germinat
- word: ckhar
description: ck- + har, botanical strength
latin: robur
- word: ckhey
description: ck- + hey, botanical element variation
latin: herba parva
- word: ckhoy
description: ck- + hoy, botanical variation
latin: herba
- word: ckhy
description: ck- + hy, botanical compound
latin: herba in
- word: cphar
description: cp- + har, compound botanical term
latin: partem robur
- word: cphey
description: cp- + hey, compound botanical element
latin: partem
- word: cpho
description: cp- + ho, compound action
latin: partem facit
- word: cphodal
description: cp- + hodal, compound with dal (wing)
latin: partem ala
- word: cphoy
description: cp- + hoy, compound variation
latin: partem
- word: cphtol
description: cp- + htol, compound location
latin: partem locus
- word: cthaar
description: cth- + aar, botanical compound
latin: circa
- word: cthaiin
description: cth- + aiin, botanical state
latin: circa erat
- word: cthal
description: cth- + al (wing), around extension
latin: circa ala
- word: cthear
description: cth- + ear, botanical element around
latin: circa pars
- word: cthes
description: cth- + es, botanical plural/multiple
latin: circa
- word: cthey
description: cth- + ey, botanical element small
latin: circa elementum
- word: cthoary
description: cth- + oary, botanical compound
latin: circa
- word: chdy
description: ch- + dy (and), botanical connector
latin: herba et
- word: dchey
description: d- + chey, giving small botanical element
latin: dat herbam parvam
- word: dkeor
description: d- + keor, giving germination
latin: dat germinationem
- word: dkchy
description: d- + kchy, giving botanical action
latin: dat herbam
- word: pchey
description: p- + chey, supporting small element
latin: sustinet parvum
- word: tchol
description: t- + chol (stem), touching/affecting stem
latin: tangit caulem
- word: tchal
description: t- + chal, touching wing/extension
latin: tangit alam
- word: ochol
description: o- + chol (stem), stem variation
latin: caulis
- word: ochey
description: o- + chey, small element variation
latin: elementum parvum
- word: ochkchor
description: compound with chor/kchor roots, small branching structure
latin: ramulus parvus
- word: od
description: giving/presenting action
latin: dat
- word: odain
description: od (gives) + ain (past state), past giving
latin: dat erat
- word: odyd
description: moves
latin: movet
- word: oiin
description: suffix marker, state/being
latin: est
- word: ok
description: action/extension base
latin: facit
- word: okai
description: one
latin: unus
- word: okaiin
description: placing
latin: ponit
- word: okar
description: orbital paths
latin: orbis
- word: okchol
description: ok + chol (stem), stem action/growth
latin: caulem facit
- word: okedy
description: action, broad use for extends
latin: extendit
- word: okeedy
description: while
latin: dum
- word: okeey
description: when
latin: quando
- word: oky
description: ok (action) + y (direction), directed action
latin: facit ad
- word: ol
description: location marker or article
latin: ille
- word: olchy
description: ol + chy (in), location within
latin: in loco
- word: ols
description: short function word, conjunction - or/alternatively (19x frequency)
latin: aut
- word: or
description: short connector, order/arrangement
latin: ordo
- word: ot
description: short, frequent, suits preposition; source
latin: ex
- word: otai
description: before or path
latin: ante
- word: otaiin
description: star paths
latin: cursus
- word: otal
description: ot (from) + al (wing), from extension
latin: ex ala
- word: otar
description: ot (from) + ar (and), from and
latin: ex et
- word: otcho
description: ot (from) + cho action
latin: ex facit
- word: otchody
description: ot (from) + chody (moves), movement from source
latin: ex movetur
- word: otchol
description: ot (from) + chol (stem), from the stem
latin: ex caule
- word: otchor
description: ot (from) + chor (branch), branching from source
latin: ex ramo
- word: otdy
description: ot (from) + dy (and), from and
latin: ex et
- word: otol
description: ot (from) + ol (place), from place
latin: ex loco
- word: otoaiin
description: ot (from/source) + o + aiin (state), from [it] is
latin: ex o est
- word: otochor
description: ot (from) + ochor (order), from order
latin: ex ordo
- word: oty
description: source, appears in multiple folios
latin: ex
- word: pchai
description: oil
latin: oleum
- word: pchal
description: hard, plant context
latin: durum
- word: pchdy
description: thorns
latin: spina
- word: pchedy
description: near plants
latin: planta
- word: pcheor
description: general plant
latin: herba
- word: pcho
description: p- prefix + cho, plant-related action
latin: plantat
- word: pchol
description: stems
latin: caulis
- word: pchor
description: resin
latin: resina
- word: pchoy
description: p + cho (makes) + y, causative action, appears in both sections
latin: facit
- word: qo-
description: prefix on verbs, indicates intensity
latin: valde
- word: qod
description: which
latin: qui
- word: qodai
description: ether
latin: aether
- word: qodaiin
description: knows, broad use
latin: cognoscit
- word: qodair
description: qo (intensifier) + dair (grace/gift), very gracious
latin: valde gratia
- word: qodar
description: for
latin: nam
- word: qodol
description: qo- prefix + dol (from), intensified origin
latin: valde de
- word: qok
description: can, action context
latin: potest
- word: qokai
description: light
latin: lux
- word: qokaidy
description: river
latin: fluvius
- word: qokaiin
description: near plants
latin: terra
- word: qokain
description: near stars
latin: stella
- word: qokaindy
description: sun
latin: sol
- word: qokairy
description: moon
latin: luna
- word: qokar
description: planets
latin: planeta
- word: qokchey
description: cleansing
latin: purgat
- word: qokchol
description: qo- prefix + chol (stem), intensified growth action
latin: caulem producit
- word: qokchor
description: qo- prefix + kchor (branch/twig), very branching (16x frequency)
latin: valde ramulus
- word: qokchy
description: qo- prefix + kchy (makes), intensified making/creating
latin: valde facit
- word: qokody
description: qo (intensifier) + kody (moves), strongly moves
latin: valde movet
- word: qoke
description: rising stars
latin: ascendit
- word: qokedy
description: grows, plant context
latin: crescit
- word: qokeedy
description: duration
latin: longum
- word: qokeey
description: again
latin: iterum
- word: qokeor
description: sprouting
latin: germinat
- word: qokol
description: qo- prefix + kol (with), intensified connection
latin: valde cum
- word: qokor
description: dividing
latin: dividit
- word: qomedy
description: method
latin: modus
- word: qos
description: certain
latin: quidam
- word: qosai
description: against
latin: contra
- word: qotai
description: growth
latin: nascitur
- word: qotaiin
description: tilting
latin: inclinatur
- word: qotal
description: pooling
latin: stagnat
- word: qotcho
description: qo (intensifier) + tcho (touches/makes), strongly touches/makes
latin: valde tangit facit
- word: qotchor
description: qo- prefix + tchor (twig), intensified branching
latin: ramificat
- word: qotchey
description: qo- prefix + tchey (touches), very touches/contacts (16x frequency)
latin: valde tangit
- word: qotchy
description: high frequency herbal term with qo- prefix, near growth descriptions
latin: crescit
- word: qotolo
description: qo- prefix intensifier, circular/rolling action
latin: volvit
- word: qotydy
description: qo- prefix + ty direction, very strongly toward
latin: valde versus
- word: qotyykeey
description: qo- prefix + oty direction, intensified movement/extension toward
latin: valde extendit
- word: qoy
description: qo- prefix + y (motion), very to/toward direction (16x frequency)
latin: valde ad
- word: r
description: single letter, connector or possessive
latin: et
- word: s
description: short connector, possessive or plural marker
latin: et
- word: saiin
description: without
latin: sine
- word: sal
description: s- + al, wing/side marker
latin: latus
- word: sar
description: s- + ar, side and
latin: latus et
- word: schy
description: s- prefix + chy (touches), here touches/contacts element (19x frequency)
latin: hic tangit
- word: schol
description: s- prefix + chol (stem), side stem or branch
latin: caulis lateralis
- word: sh
description: location prefix, here/this
latin: hic
- word: shai
description: fluid
latin: humor
- word: shaiin
description: therefore
latin: ergo
- word: shal
description: sh (here) + al (wing), here extension
latin: hic ala
- word: shedy
description: she + dy (and), botanical connector
latin: et movens
- word: sheey
description: she + ey, location with element
latin: hic elementum
- word: sheke
description: falling stars
latin: descendit
- word: shey
description: goes out, water context
latin: exit
- word: sho
description: sh- + o, location action
latin: hic facit
- word: shok
description: location + action marker
latin: hic facit
- word: shol
description: sh + ol, place/location
latin: locus
- word: shor
description: often
latin: saepe
- word: shoty
description: contains oty (direction) root, directional term
latin: versus
- word: shsai
description: eight
latin: octo
- word: shy
description: frequent, fits determiner; location
latin: hic
- word: sodaiin
description: so- + daiin (to), specific directional
latin: ad locum
- word: sor
description: s- + or, side order
latin: latus ordo
- word: soshy
description: location marker + shy (here), specific position
latin: hic locus
- word: sy
description: itself
latin: ipse
- word: tal
description: t- + al, touching extension
latin: tactus alae
- word: tar
description: t- + ar, touching and
latin: tangit et
- word: tchey
description: t- + chey (element), touches/affects element
latin: tangit elementum
- word: tchor
description: compound with chor root, plant part
latin: ramusculus
- word: tchy
description: contains chy (in) root, positional term
latin: intus
- word: tor
description: t- + or, touching order
latin: tangit ordine
- word: ty
description: direction marker
latin: ad
- word: tydy
description: ty (to) + dy (and), to and
latin: ad et
- word: tychor
description: t (touches) + ychor (dry), touches dry
latin: tangit siccum
- word: valde
description: very, greatly (intensifier), already used in qo- translation but
appears standalone
latin: valde
- word: y
description: single letter, directional or associative
latin: ad
- word: ychain
description: y- + chain, associated with structure/link
latin: ad catenam
- word: ychol
description: y- prefix + chol (stem), young stem or shoot
latin: caulis novellus
- word: ychor
description: dry, plant context
latin: siccum
- word: ychy
description: growth verb
latin: crescit
- word: ydaiin
description: y- + daiin (to), directional toward
latin: ad versus
- word: ydy
description: y (to) + dy (and), toward and
latin: ad et
- word: ykai
description: rarely
latin: raro
- word: ykaiin
description: y- + kaiin, associated with state/being
latin: erat quidem
- word: ykal
description: high, plant height
latin: altus
- word: ykeey
description: y- + keey, botanical extension pattern
latin: extenditur
- word: ykol
description: y- + kol (with), associated with
latin: cum quo
- word: ykody
description: y (direction) + kody (moves), directional movement
latin: ad movet
- word: ykshy
description: often
latin: saepe
- word: yky
description: y- + ky, directional with connector
latin: ad que
- word: yol
description: y (to) + ol (place), toward place
latin: ad locum
- word: yor
description: y (to) + or (order), toward order
latin: ad ordinem
- word: ytaiin
description: y- + taiin, directional with state
latin: ad erat
- word: ytchor
description: y (direction) + tchor (small branch), toward small branch, appears
in both sections
latin: ad ramusculus
- word: ytchy
description: y (direction) + tchy (interior), toward inside, appears in both sections
latin: ad intus
- word: yty
description: y-t-y pattern, passes through/transits motion (16x frequency)
latin: transit
- word: chaar
latin: et
description: 'systematic word family: ch- prefix pattern'
- word: chady
latin: parvum
description: 'systematic word family: ch- prefix pattern'
- word: chaiin
latin: erat
description: 'systematic word family: ch- prefix pattern'
- word: chain
latin: erat
description: 'systematic word family: ch- prefix pattern'
- word: chcho
latin: facit
description: 'systematic word family: ch- prefix pattern'
- word: chchy
latin: in
description: 'systematic word family: ch- prefix pattern'
- word: cheel
latin: est
description: 'systematic word family: ch- prefix pattern'
- word: cheem
latin: est
description: 'systematic word family: ch- prefix pattern'
- word: cheen
latin: est
description: 'systematic word family: ch- prefix pattern'
- word: cheer
latin: est
description: 'systematic word family: ch- prefix pattern'
- word: cheey
latin: parvum
description: 'systematic word family: ch- prefix pattern'
- word: chfal
latin: ala
description: 'systematic word family: ch- prefix pattern'
- word: chfor
latin: ordo
description: 'systematic word family: ch- prefix pattern'
- word: chidy
latin: movet
description: 'systematic word family: ch- prefix pattern'
- word: chiil
latin: est
description: 'systematic word family: ch- prefix pattern'
- word: chiim
latin: est
description: 'systematic word family: ch- prefix pattern'
- word: chiir
latin: est
description: 'systematic word family: ch- prefix pattern'
- word: chkal
latin: ala
description: 'systematic word family: ch- prefix pattern'
- word: chkchy
latin: in
description: 'systematic word family: ch- prefix pattern'
- word: chkor
latin: ordo
description: 'systematic word family: ch- prefix pattern'
- word: choey
latin: facit
description: 'systematic word family: ch- prefix pattern'
- word: choiin
latin: facit
description: 'systematic word family: ch- prefix pattern'
- word: choly
latin: locus
description: 'systematic word family: ch- prefix pattern'
- word: chory
latin: ordo
description: 'systematic word family: ch- prefix pattern'
- word: chpal
latin: ala
description: 'systematic word family: ch- prefix pattern'
- word: chpar
latin: et
description: 'systematic word family: ch- prefix pattern'
- word: chsar
latin: et
description: 'systematic word family: ch- prefix pattern'
- word: chsho
latin: hic facit
description: 'systematic word family: ch- prefix pattern'
- word: chshy
latin: parvum
description: 'systematic word family: ch- prefix pattern'
- word: chsol
latin: locus
description: 'systematic word family: ch- prefix pattern'
- word: chtey
latin: parvum
description: 'systematic word family: ch- prefix pattern'
- word: chthy
latin: parvum
description: 'systematic word family: ch- prefix pattern'
- word: daar
latin: dat et
description: 'systematic word family: da- prefix pattern'
- word: dady
latin: dat parvum
description: 'systematic word family: da- prefix pattern'
- word: dchal
latin: dat ala
description: 'systematic word family: dc- prefix pattern'
- word: dchar
latin: dat et
description: 'systematic word family: dc- prefix pattern'