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Copy file name to clipboardExpand all lines: architectures/index.rst
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The SOF software ecosystem supports two foundational deployment models tailored for different device form-factors:
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1. **Host-Based Architecture**: Where the audio DSP is coupled to an application processor running a general-purpose operating system (**Linux**, **Android**, or **ChromeOS**). The host manages firmware lifecycle, parses topologies, and streams audio over DMA memory windows via inter-processor communication (IPC).
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2. **Hostless (Standalone / Embedded) Architecture**: Where SOF firmware runs autonomously directly on a microcontroller or standalone DSP (such as the **ESP32-P4** or **Teensy 4.1 / i.MX RT1062**) atop Zephyr RTOS without requiring a host CPU or external operating system.
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2. **Hostless (Standalone / Embedded) Architecture**: Where SOF firmware runs autonomously directly on a microcontroller or standalone DSP (such as the **ESP32-P4 / ESP32-C6** or **Teensy 4.1 / i.MX RT1062**) atop Zephyr RTOS without requiring a host CPU or external operating system.
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Host-Based System & Software Architecture
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=========================================
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Hostless (Standalone) Embedded Architecture
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===========================================
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In hostless deployments (such as smart speakers, conference microphones, standalone audio bridges, hearing aids, IoT voice endpoints, and embedded test cards like the **ESP32-P4** and **Teensy 4.1 / i.MX RT1062**), SOF executes completely autonomously without requiring a host processor or general-purpose operating system:
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In hostless deployments (such as smart speakers, conference microphones, standalone audio bridges, hearing aids, IoT voice endpoints, and embedded test cards like the **ESP32-P4**, **ESP32-C6**, and **Teensy 4.1 / i.MX RT1062**), SOF executes completely autonomously without requiring a host processor or general-purpose operating system:
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* **Autonomous Zephyr Application**: SOF operates as a self-contained Zephyr RTOS native application. It initializes on-chip peripherals, configures audio clocks, and begins pipeline processing immediately upon boot without waiting for host firmware downloads or handshakes.
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* **Static Pre-Compiled Topologies**: Instead of relying on a host kernel driver to dynamically parse binary ``.tplg`` files at runtime, hostless systems utilize pre-compiled static topology graphs embedded directly in firmware flash ROM or compiled into static C data structures.
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* **Local Controls & Embedded Telemetry**: Volume, mute, EQ profiles, and audio routing are controlled locally via GPIO buttons, rotary encoders, or local Zephyr application threads, with real-time diagnostic trace logging streamed over UART or USB CDC.
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.. graphviz::
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:caption: SOF Hostless Embedded System Architecture (ESP32-P4 / Teensy 4.1)
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:caption: SOF Hostless Embedded System Architecture (ESP32-P4 / ESP32-C6 / Teensy 4.1)
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:align: center
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digraph hostless_stack {
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Copy file name to clipboardExpand all lines: faq/index.rst
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Can SOF run without a host computer?
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====================================
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Yes. The **Hostless (Standalone) Architecture** allows SOF to run independently on microcontrollers and embedded processors such as the **Teensy 4.1 (ARM Cortex-M7)** and **ESP32-P4 (dual-core RISC-V)**. In hostless mode, pipelines are instantiated at boot from static ROM configurations, processing audio directly between local microphones, line-ins, codecs, and Bluetooth transceivers.
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Yes. The **Hostless (Standalone) Architecture** allows SOF to run independently on microcontrollers and embedded processors such as the **Teensy 4.1 (ARM Cortex-M7)**, **ESP32-P4 (dual-core RISC-V)**, and **ESP32-C6 (single-core RISC-V)**. In hostless mode, pipelines are instantiated at boot from static ROM configurations, processing audio directly between local microphones, line-ins, codecs, and Bluetooth transceivers.
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What physical audio buses and peripherals are supported?
Copy file name to clipboardExpand all lines: introduction/index.rst
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Sound Open Firmware supports two foundational deployment models tailored for diverse device form-factors:
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* **Host-Based Architecture**: Where the audio DSP is coupled to a host application processor running **Linux**, **Android**, or **ChromeOS**. The host OS driver stack (mainline Linux ``sound/soc/sof/``) manages firmware lifecycle, dynamic topology loading, and power management (D0ix/D3), while audio data streams through host DMA memory windows via IPC (IPC3/IPC4).
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* **Hostless (Standalone / Embedded) Architecture**: Where SOF runs autonomously on microcontrollers and standalone DSPs (such as the **ESP32-P4** or **Teensy 4.1 / i.MX RT1062**) atop the Zephyr RTOS. These systems process audio directly between physical hardware peripherals (I2S, SoundWire, PDM microphones, and Bluetooth transceivers) using ROM-embedded static topologies.
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* **Hostless (Standalone / Embedded) Architecture**: Where SOF runs autonomously on microcontrollers and standalone DSPs (such as the **ESP32-P4 / ESP32-C6** or **Teensy 4.1 / i.MX RT1062**) atop the Zephyr RTOS. These systems process audio directly between physical hardware peripherals (I2S, SoundWire, PDM microphones, and Bluetooth transceivers) using ROM-embedded static topologies.
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.. seealso::
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For complete system stack diagrams, hostless designs, real-time pipeline DAGs, and memory hierarchy details, refer to the comprehensive :ref:`Architecture & System Design <architectures>` documentation.
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